Optimizing the Application of Complete Microfertilizer in Fertigation for Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.13.01.61-74Keywords:
Ferads application, fertigation, micronutrient, precision fertilizationAbstract
Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens) is one of the important horticultural commodities in Indonesia. According to Central Statistics Agency data, annual consumption has been rising amid fluctuating production, including a 37.68-thousand-ton decline in 2023 compared with 2022. Cayenne pepper requires a specific nutrient profile to achieve optimal yields. Micronutrients, including boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc, are vital for photosynthesis, flower development, and nutrient uptake; deficiencies impair growth, fruit quality, and disease resistance, underscoring the need for balanced fertilization. Micronutrient deficiencies can reduce plant growth, fruit quality, and disease susceptibility. Research on micronutrient provision in cayenne pepper plants remains limited. This research aims to determine the most effective method of nutrient application for cayenne pepper plants. The design used was a single-factor randomized group design. The results of the study demonstrate that micronutrient applications can increase the height and diameter of cayenne pepper stems, with foliar spray applications yielding the best response in terms of vegetative parameters. However, micro-nutrient application has not significantly affected the yield and yield components of cayenne pepper.
References
Abad, A., Lloveras, J., & Michelena, A. (2004). Nitrogen fertilization and foliar urea effects on durum wheat yield and quality, and on residual soil nitrate in irrigated Mediterranean conditions. Field Crops Research, 87, 257–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.11.007
Ahmed, M., Ara, N., Aman, F., Farook, A., Asghar, M., Muhammad, N., Ahmad, Z., & Bibi, R. (2024). Effect of iron and zinc on growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Agriculture and Education Research, 2, 1-9.
Akram, M., Hussain, S., Hamid, A., Majeed, S., Chaudary, S. A., Shah, Z. A., Yaqoob, A., Kayani, F., Arif, U., Fareed, K., Jamili, F., Mehmood, Z., Basher, S., Arif, A. A., & Akhter, N. (2017). Interactive effect of phosphorus and potassium on growth, yield, quality, and seed production of chili (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Horticulture, 4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000192
Alshaal, T., & El-Ramady, H. (2017). Foliar application: from plant nutrition to biofortification. Environmental Biodiversity and Soil Security, 1, 71–83. https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2017.1089.1006
Anatalia, R., Harsono, P., Yunindanova, M. B., & Purnomo, D. (2021). Effect of NPK fertilizer and foliar fertilizer on chili growth and yield. Agrotechnology Research Journal, 6, 73 79. https://doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v6i2.54540
Anees, M., Tahir, F. M., Shahzad, J., & Mahmood, N. (2011). Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on the quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Dusehri fruits. Mycopath, 9, 25-28. https://doi.org/10.30954/0974-1712.03.2023.4
Aryani, R. D., Basuki, I. F., Budisantoso, I., & Widyastuti, A. (2022). Pengaruh ketinggian tempat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanam cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 6, 202-211. https://doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v6i2.485
Baloch, Q. B., Chachar, Q. I., & Tareen, M. N. (2008). Effect of foliar application of macro and micro-nutrients on production of green chilies (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Agricultural Technology, 4, 174-184.
Bosland, P. W., & Votava, E. J. ( 2012). Peppers: Vegetable and spice capsicums (2nd ed.). CABI.
Brady, N. C., & Weil, R. R. (2017). The nature and properties of soils (14th ed.). Pearson Education.
Dixon, M., & Liu, G. (2022). The advantages and disadvantages of fertigation. EDIS, 4. https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-HS1442-2022
Eleni, A. (2023). Impact of green manure on soil: Cultivating sustainability beneath the soil. International Journal of Manure and Fertilizers, 3, 001-002.
Fageria, N. K., Filho, M. B., Moreira, A., & Guimarães, C. M. (2009). Foliar fertilization of crop plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 32, 1044–1064. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160902872826
Febrianto, M. R. H., Santosa, E., Susila, A. D., Zaman, S., Widodo, W. D., & Hapsari, D. P. (2024). Light intensity affects the canopy architecture and fruit characteristics of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 15, 23-32. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.15.1.23-32
Fernandez, V., & Brown, P. H. (2013). From plant surface to plant metabolism: the uncertain fate of foliar-applied nutrients. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00289
Ferrari, M., Dal Cortivo, C., Panozzo, A., Barion, G., Visioli, G., Giannelli, G., & Vamerali, T. (2021). Comparing soil vs foliar nitrogen supply of the whole fertilizer dose in common wheat. Agronomy, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112138
Firdaus, M., Suherman, Wahyudi, F., Sauqi, A., & Widaninggar, N. (2020). The factors driving and inhibiting the large chili agribusiness in Jember Regency. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 12, 193-200. https://doi.org/10.5373/JARDCS/V12I1/20201029
Jat, R. A., Sahrawat, K. L., Wani, S. P., & Singh, P. (2011). Fertigation in vegetable crops for higher productivity and resource use efficiency. Indian Journal of Fertilizers, 7, 22-37.
Kirschbaum, M. U. F. (2011). Does enhanced photosynthesis enhance growth? lessons learned from CO2 enrichment studies. Plant Physiology, 155, 117-124. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.166819
Kumar, S., Kumar, S., & Mohapatra, T. (2021). Interaction between macro‐ and micro nutrients in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.665583
Lee, Z., Kimm, S., Choi, S.J., Joung, E., Kwon, M., Park, H.J., and Shim JS. (2023). Regulation of flowering time by environmental factors in plants. Plants, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12213680
Loizzo, M. R., Pugliese, A., Bonesi, M., Menichini, F., & Tundis, R. (2015). Evaluation of chemical profile and antioxidant activity of twenty cultivars from Capsicum annum, Capsicum baccatum, Capsicum chacoense, and Capsicum chinense: a comparison between fresh and processed peppers. Food Science and Technology, 64, 623–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.06.042
Long, S. P., Zhu, X., Naidu, S. L., & Ort, D. R. (2006). Can improvement in photosynthesis increase crop yields?. Plant, Cell & Environment, 29, 315-330. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01493.x
Magalhães, D. D. S., Viegas, I. J. M., Barata, H. S., Costa, M. G., Silva, B. C., & Mera, W. Y. W. L. (2022). Deficiencies of nitrogen, calcium, and micronutrients are the most limiting factors for the growth and yield of small pepper plants. Revista Ceres, 70, 125-135. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X202370030013
Malik, A. A., Narayan, S., Magray, M. M., Shameem, S. A., Hussain, K., & Bangroo, S. (2020). Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on growth, yield, quality, and seed yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) under temperate conditions of Kashmir Valley. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8, 2781-2784. https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i4ag.10064
Martens, D. C., & Westermann, D. T. (1991). Fertilizer application for correcting micronutrient deficiencies. In J. J. Mortvedt, F. R. Cox, L. M. Shuman, & R. M. Welch (Eds.), Micronutrients in agriculture (2nd ed., pp. 549–592). Soil Science Society of America. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser4.2ed.c15
Muthukrishnan, C. R., Thangaraj, T., & Chatterjee, R. (1993). Vegetable crops. Naya Prakashan.
Muzadi, M., Anam, C., & Amiroh, A. (2020). Efektivitas pemupukan daun terhadap hasil tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Media Bina Ilmiah, 14, 2615– 3505.
Naswir, S. H., Pandjaitan, N. H., & Pawitan, H. (2009). Efektivitas sistem fertigasi mikro untuk lahan sempit. Forum Pascasarjana, 32, 45–54.
Navrot, J., & Levin, A. (1976). Effect of micro nutrients on pepper (Capsicum annuum) in peat soil under greenhouse and field conditions. Experimental 12, 129–133. Agriculture, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479700007195
Nuraini, C., Sukma, I. A., Heryadi, D. Y., & Ruslan, J. A. (2024). Factors that influence the risk of red chili production in Taraju District, Tasikmalaya Regency. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 3, 278-286.
Padmanabhan, P., Cheema, A., & Paliyath, G. (2016). Solanaceous fruits, including tomato, eggplant, and peppers. In Encyclopedia of Food and Health (pp. 24–32). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384947-2.00696-6
Patil, B., Hosami, R., Ajjappalavara, P., Naik, B., Smitha, R., & Ukkund, K. (2008). Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on growth and yield components of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21, 428-430.
Podar, D., & Maathuis, F. J. M. (2022). Primary nutrient sensors in plants. iScience, 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104029
Ramgiry, M., Ramgiry, P., & Verma, B. K. (2019). Effect of foliar spray of micronutrients to enhance seed yield and quality in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences, 7, 275-278. https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.6576
Riboni, M., Galbiati, M., Tonelli, C., & Conti, L. (2014). Environmental stress and flowering time. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 9. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.29036
Rosmaina, Zulfahmi, Jannah, M., & Sobir. (2022). Temperature critical threshold for yield in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 54, 627-637. https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2022.54.3.15
Sayekti, T. W. D. A., Syukur, M., Hidayat, S. H., & Maharijaya, A. (2021). Diversity and genetic parameter of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) based on yield component in three locations. Biodiversitas, 22, 823-829. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220236
Setiawati, W., Hasyim, A., & Hudayya, A. (2016). The effect of fruit characteristics of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens) and biocontrol agents (Trichoderma sp and Azoxystrobin) on the severity of anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum). AAB Bioflux, 8, 1-12. http://www.aab.bioflux.com.ro
Setiawati, W., Muharam, A., Hasyim, A., Prabaningrum, L., Moekasan, T. K., Murtiningsih, R., Lukman, L., & Mejaya, M. J. ( 2021). Growth, and yield characteristics as well as pests and diseases susceptibility of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under different plant densities and pruning levels. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 20, 543-553. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2001_543553
Singh, L. A., Ajay, Chaudhari, V., & Misra, B. J. (2000). Drip irrigation: An efficient system for micronutrient application in groundnuts in calcareous soils of semi-arid regions. In B. A. Golakiya, J. D. Gundalia, S. K. Bansal, & P. Imas (Eds.), Proceedings of the national symposium on balanced nutrition of groundnut and other field crops grown in calcareous soils of India (pp. 194–198). National Research Center for Groundnut.
Singh, P., & Sharma, D. P. (2023). Effect of micronutrients and bioinoculants on seed yield and seed quality of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) under Kymore Plateau Zone. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 13, 740-746. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJECC/2023/v13i82005
Statistics Indonesia. (2024). Statistik tanaman sayuran dan buah-buahan semusim Indonesia. BPS-Statistics Indonesia.
Sugiyanta, Kartika, J. G., & Krisantini. (2018). Increasing production of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) through foliar fertilizer application. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 5, 18-24. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.5.1.18-24
Suryaningrat, A., Kurnianto, D., & Rochmanto, R. A. (2022). Sistem monitoring kelembaban tanaman cabai rawit menggunakan irigasi tetes gravitasi berbasis internet of things (IoT). Elkomika, 10, 568-580. https://doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v10i3.568
Susila, A. D. (2023). Best management practices budidaya tanaman sayuran komersial. IPB Press.
Tinaprilla, N., Muflikh, Y. N., Yanuar, R., & Permata, K. I. (2024). The role of smart fertigation in chilli farming. Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis, 21.
Tjokrosumarto, W. A., & Soedjarwo, D. P. (2017). Growth and production of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) as a result of leaf pruning. In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Science and Technology.
Umami, K., Anugrahwati, D. R., & Jaya, I. K. D. (2022). Pengaruh pupuk daun terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai rawit varietas Dewata 43 yang ditanam di luar musim. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Agrokomplek, 1, 148-154. https://doi.org/10.29303/jima.v1i2.1434
Wolska, J. G., Mazur, K., Niedzińska, M., Kowalczyk, K., & Żołnierczyk, P. (2018). The influence of foliar fertilizers on the quality and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Folia Horticulturae, 30, 183-190. https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2018-0008
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All publications by Journal of Tropical Crop Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
